Investor List:
Top Gig Economy Seed Investors in Boston / New England (6)
Know someone who's actively diligencing and investing? Add them to this list.
About this list
We’ve compiled a list of the top Gig Economy investors. The goal is to help Founders find the best investors to target and get introduced to.
Investors in Los Angeles (CA), Investors in New York (NY), Investors in United States, Investors in SF Bay Area (CA), Investors in Boston (MA)
Investors in Gig Economy (Series A), Investors in Creator/Passion Economy (Series A), Investors in Gig Economy (Seed), Investors in Direct-to-Consumer (DTC) (Pre-seed), Investors in Gig Economy (Pre-seed), Investors in Gig Economy (Series A), Investors in Direct-to-Consumer (DTC) (Pre-seed), Investors in Gig Economy (Seed), Investors in Gig Economy (Series A), Investors in Gig Economy (Pre-seed), Investors in Direct-to-Consumer (DTC) (Series A), Investors in Digital Health (Series A), Investors in Direct-to-Consumer (DTC) (Seed), Investors in Direct-to-Consumer (DTC) (Series A), Investors in Gig Economy (Seed), Investors in Direct-to-Consumer (DTC) (Seed), Investors in Gig Economy (Series A), Investors in Insurance (Pre-seed), Investors in Gig Economy (Seed), Investors in Gig Economy (Pre-seed), Investors in Gig Economy (Series A), Investors in Direct-to-Consumer (DTC) (Pre-seed), Investors in Insurance (Series A), Investors in Social Commerce (Pre-seed), Investors in Gig Economy (Seed), Investors in Gig Economy (Pre-seed), Investors in Gig Economy (Pre-seed), Investors in Insurance (Seed), Investors in Direct-to-Consumer (DTC) (Seed), Investors in Direct-to-Consumer (DTC) (Series A), Investors in Creator/Passion Economy (Pre-seed), Investors in Direct-to-Consumer (DTC) (Series A), Investors in Creator/Passion Economy (Seed), Investors in Direct-to-Consumer (DTC) (Pre-seed), Investors in Social Commerce (Pre-seed), Investors in Social Commerce (Seed), Investors in Creator/Passion Economy (Series A), Investors in Direct-to-Consumer (DTC) (Pre-seed), Investors in Creator/Passion Economy (Series A), Investors in Creator/Passion Economy (Pre-seed), Investors in Direct-to-Consumer (DTC) (Series A), Investors in Digital Health (Pre-seed), Investors in Direct-to-Consumer (DTC) (Seed), Investors in Creator/Passion Economy (Pre-seed), Investors in Consumer Health (Pre-seed), Investors in Digital Health (Pre-seed), Investors in Social Commerce (Series A), Investors in Digital Health (Seed), Investors in Social Commerce (Seed), Investors in Social Commerce (Pre-seed), Investors in FinTech (Pre-seed), Investors in Social Commerce (Series A), Investors in Digital Health (Series A), Investors in Creator/Passion Economy (Seed), Investors in Creator/Passion Economy (Series A), Investors in Creator/Passion Economy (Seed), Investors in Social Commerce (Pre-seed), Investors in Insurance (Pre-seed), Investors in FinTech (Series A), Investors in Direct-to-Consumer (DTC) (Seed), Investors in Consumer Health (Pre-seed), Investors in FinTech (Seed), Investors in Consumer Health (Seed), Investors in Digital Health (Pre-seed), Investors in Digital Health (Series A), Investors in Digital Health (Seed), Investors in Consumer Health (Series A), Investors in Creator/Passion Economy (Pre-seed), Investors in Social Commerce (Series A), Investors in Digital Health (Pre-seed), Investors in Social Commerce (Seed), Investors in Creator/Passion Economy (Series A), Investors in Insurance (Series A), Investors in Consumer Internet (Pre-seed), Investors in Insurance (Seed), Investors in Insurance (Pre-seed), Investors in Consumer Health (Pre-seed), Investors in SaaS (Pre-seed), Investors in Creator/Passion Economy (Pre-seed), Investors in Digital Health (Pre-seed), Investors in Digital Health (Seed), Investors in Consumer Internet (Series A), Investors in FinTech (Pre-seed), Investors in Insurance (Series A), Investors in Social Commerce (Pre-seed), Investors in Creator/Passion Economy (Seed), Investors in SaaS (Series A), Investors in Consumer Health (Series A), Investors in Insurance (Pre-seed), Investors in Consumer Internet (Seed), Investors in Insurance (Seed), Investors in Consumer Health (Seed), Investors in Consumer Internet (Pre-seed), Investors in Consumer Health (Series A), Investors in SaaS (Seed), Investors in FinTech (Series A), Investors in FinTech (Seed), Investors in Insurance (Series A), Investors in Creator/Passion Economy (Seed), Investors in SaaS (Pre-seed), Investors in Consumer Health (Seed), Investors in Social Commerce (Seed), Investors in Insurance (Pre-seed), Investors in Social Commerce (Series A), Investors in Consumer Health (Pre-seed), Investors in SaaS (Series A), Investors in Insurance (Seed), Investors in Insurance (Series A), Investors in Consumer Internet (Pre-seed), Investors in Consumer Health (Pre-seed), Investors in Digital Health (Series A), Investors in SaaS (Pre-seed), Investors in Consumer Internet (Series A), Investors in SaaS (Seed), Investors in FinTech (Pre-seed), Investors in Consumer Internet (Seed), Investors in Digital Health (Series A), Investors in SaaS (Series A), Investors in FinTech (Series A), Investors in Insurance (Seed), Investors in Social Commerce (Series A), Investors in Digital Health (Seed), Investors in Social Commerce (Seed), Investors in FinTech (Seed), Investors in Digital Health (Seed), Investors in SaaS (Seed), Investors in Consumer Internet (Series A), Investors in Consumer Health (Series A), Investors in Consumer Internet (Seed), Investors in Consumer Internet (Pre-seed), Investors in FinTech (Pre-seed), Investors in Consumer Health (Series A), Investors in Consumer Health (Seed), Investors in SaaS (Pre-seed), Investors in Consumer Internet (Pre-seed), Investors in Consumer Health (Seed), Investors in FinTech (Pre-seed), Investors in SaaS (Pre-seed), Investors in FinTech (Series A), Investors in FinTech (Seed), Investors in FinTech (Series A), Investors in SaaS (Series A), Investors in Consumer Internet (Series A), Investors in Consumer Internet (Seed), Investors in SaaS (Seed), Investors in FinTech (Seed), Investors in SaaS (Series A), Investors in Consumer Internet (Series A), Investors in Consumer Internet (Seed), Investors in SaaS (Seed), Investors in Los Angeles / Southern California (Other Lists), Investors in Boston / New England (Other Lists), Investors in Investors who were founders (Other Lists), Investors in Investors who invested in female founders (Other Lists), Investors in New York City (Other Lists), Investors in San Francisco Bay Area (Other Lists)
Investors in Austin (TX), Investors in Boston (MA), Investors in New York (NY), Investors in Miami (FL), Investors in Portland (OR), Investors in San Francisco (CA), Investors in Los Angeles / Southern California, Investors in SF Bay Area (CA)
Investors in Education (Series A), Investors in Education (Series A), Investors in Gig Economy (Seed), Investors in Gig Economy (Series A), Investors in Gig Economy (Series B), Investors in Gig Economy (Series B), Investors in Gig Economy (Series A), Investors in Gig Economy (Series B), Investors in Gig Economy (Series B), Investors in Gig Economy (Seed), Investors in Gig Economy (Series B), Investors in Gig Economy (Seed), Investors in Digital Health (Series B), Investors in AgTech (Series A), Investors in Education (Seed), Investors in Gig Economy (Series B), Investors in Education (Seed), Investors in Gig Economy (Series B), Investors in Gig Economy (Series B), Investors in Education (Series B), Investors in Education (Series B), Investors in Education (Series B), Investors in E-commerce (Series B), Investors in AgTech (Series B), Investors in AgTech (Series B), Investors in AgTech (Series B), Investors in Gig Economy (Series A), Investors in Digital Health (Series B), Investors in Gig Economy (Seed), Investors in Education (Seed), Investors in Generative Tech/AI (Series B), Investors in Gig Economy (Seed), Investors in Gig Economy (Series A), Investors in Gig Economy (Seed), Investors in Gig Economy (Series A), Investors in AgTech (Series B), Investors in Gig Economy (Seed), Investors in Gig Economy (Series A), Investors in Education (Series A), Investors in Generative Tech/AI (Series B), Investors in Gig Economy (Series A), Investors in Gig Economy (Series A), Investors in Consumer Health (Series B), Investors in AgTech (Series B), Investors in Digital Health (Series B), Investors in AgTech (Series A), Investors in Generative Tech/AI (Series A), Investors in Supply Chain Tech (Series B), Investors in Generative Tech/AI (Seed), Investors in Generative Tech/AI (Series B), Investors in Supply Chain Tech (Series B), Investors in AgTech (Seed), Investors in AgTech (Seed), Investors in Generative Tech/AI (Series B), Investors in Supply Chain Tech (Series A), Investors in Supply Chain Tech (Series A), Investors in Generative Tech/AI (Series A), Investors in Supply Chain Tech (Series B), Investors in Supply Chain Tech (Series A), Investors in Generative Tech/AI (Series A), Investors in Generative Tech/AI (Seed), Investors in Supply Chain Tech (Series B), Investors in Digital Health (Series A), Investors in Digital Health (Series A), Investors in Supply Chain Tech (Series A), Investors in Digital Health (Seed), Investors in Digital Health (Series A), Investors in E-commerce (Series B), Investors in Consumer Health (Series B), Investors in Generative Tech/AI (Seed), Investors in Generative Tech/AI (Series A), Investors in Generative Tech/AI (Seed), Investors in Supply Chain Tech (Seed), Investors in Supply Chain Tech (Seed), Investors in Consumer Health (Seed), Investors in Supply Chain Tech (Seed), Investors in Generative Tech/AI (Series B), Investors in AgTech (Series B), Investors in Consumer Internet (Series B), Investors in Digital Health (Seed), Investors in Digital Health (Seed), Investors in Gig Economy (Seed), Investors in Generative Tech/AI (Series A), Investors in AgTech (Series A), Investors in Consumer Health (Series A), Investors in E-commerce (Series A), Investors in Supply Chain Tech (Seed), Investors in Generative Tech/AI (Seed), Investors in AgTech (Series A), Investors in E-commerce (Seed), Investors in Supply Chain Tech (Series A), Investors in Supply Chain Tech (Series B), Investors in Education (Series B), Investors in Consumer Internet (Series B), Investors in Consumer Health (Series B), Investors in Digital Health (Series B), Investors in Education (Series B), Investors in Generative Tech/AI (Series B), Investors in Education (Series A), Investors in E-commerce (Series B), Investors in Supply Chain Tech (Seed), Investors in Supply Chain Tech (Series A), Investors in Consumer Internet (Series B), Investors in Supply Chain Tech (Series B), Investors in E-commerce (Series A), Investors in Consumer Health (Series A), Investors in Education (Series A), Investors in Consumer Health (Seed), Investors in Generative Tech/AI (Series A), Investors in AgTech (Seed), Investors in AgTech (Series A), Investors in Consumer Health (Series A), Investors in Education (Seed), Investors in Supply Chain Tech (Series B), Investors in Supply Chain Tech (Series A), Investors in Consumer Health (Series B), Investors in AgTech (Seed), Investors in Consumer Health (Seed), Investors in E-commerce (Seed), Investors in Digital Health (Series B), Investors in Generative Tech/AI (Seed), Investors in Supply Chain Tech (Seed), Investors in AgTech (Seed), Investors in Consumer Health (Series B), Investors in Consumer Internet (Series A), Investors in Digital Health (Series A), Investors in Consumer Internet (Series A), Investors in E-commerce (Series B), Investors in Digital Health (Seed), Investors in Education (Seed), Investors in E-commerce (Series B), Investors in Supply Chain Tech (Series A), Investors in Consumer Internet (Seed), Investors in E-commerce (Series A), Investors in Generative Tech/AI (Series B), Investors in Supply Chain Tech (Series B), Investors in E-commerce (Seed), Investors in AgTech (Series B), Investors in AgTech (Series A), Investors in Consumer Internet (Seed), Investors in Digital Health (Series A), Investors in Supply Chain Tech (Seed), Investors in Consumer Internet (Series A), Investors in Digital Health (Series B), Investors in Education (Series B), Investors in Consumer Internet (Seed), Investors in AgTech (Seed), Investors in Consumer Health (Series B), Investors in E-commerce (Series A), Investors in Consumer Internet (Series B), Investors in Consumer Health (Series A), Investors in Generative Tech/AI (Series B), Investors in Supply Chain Tech (Seed), Investors in Consumer Health (Seed), Investors in Generative Tech/AI (Series A), Investors in Consumer Internet (Series B), Investors in Consumer Health (Series A), Investors in AgTech (Series B), Investors in E-commerce (Series A), Investors in Consumer Health (Seed), Investors in Education (Series B), Investors in AgTech (Series A), Investors in E-commerce (Series B), Investors in Generative Tech/AI (Seed), Investors in E-commerce (Seed), Investors in Digital Health (Seed), Investors in Digital Health (Series A), Investors in E-commerce (Seed), Investors in Digital Health (Seed), Investors in Education (Series A), Investors in Generative Tech/AI (Series A), Investors in Future of Work (Series B), Investors in Education (Seed), Investors in Consumer Internet (Series A), Investors in Consumer Health (Series B), Investors in AgTech (Seed), Investors in Digital Health (Series B), Investors in Education (Series A), Investors in Consumer Health (Series A), Investors in Generative Tech/AI (Seed), Investors in Consumer Health (Seed), Investors in AgTech (Series A), Investors in Consumer Internet (Series A), Investors in Consumer Internet (Seed), Investors in E-commerce (Series B), Investors in Education (Series B), Investors in Digital Health (Series A), Investors in Consumer Internet (Seed), Investors in E-commerce (Series A), Investors in Consumer Health (Series B), Investors in Digital Health (Seed), Investors in Education (Seed), Investors in AgTech (Seed), Investors in E-commerce (Seed), Investors in Future of Work (Series A), Investors in Consumer Internet (Series B), Investors in Digital Health (Series B), Investors in Consumer Health (Series A), Investors in Consumer Health (Seed), Investors in Education (Series A), Investors in Future of Work (Seed), Investors in E-commerce (Series B), Investors in E-commerce (Series A), Investors in Digital Health (Series A), Investors in Education (Seed), Investors in Consumer Health (Series A), Investors in E-commerce (Seed), Investors in Digital Health (Seed), Investors in Consumer Health (Seed), Investors in Consumer Internet (Series A), Investors in Consumer Internet (Seed), Investors in Seattle / Portland (Other Lists), Investors in E-commerce (Series A), Investors in Consumer Internet (Series B), Investors in E-commerce (Seed), Investors in Austin (Other Lists), Investors in Raleigh-Durham / Southeast US (Other Lists), Investors in Consumer Internet (Series A), Investors in Consumer Internet (Series B), Investors in Consumer Internet (Seed), Investors in Consumer Internet (Series A), Investors in Los Angeles / Southern California (Other Lists), Investors in Diverse Investors (Other Lists), Investors in Consumer Internet (Seed), Investors in Boston / New England (Other Lists), Investors in Investors who were founders (Other Lists), Investors in Investors who invested in female founders (Other Lists), Investors in Investors who invested in diverse founders (Other Lists), Investors in New York City (Other Lists), Investors in San Francisco Bay Area (Other Lists)
Investors in Wellness & Fitness (Pre-seed), Investors in Wellness & Fitness (Pre-seed), Investors in Fashion (Pre-seed), Investors in Food and Beverage (Pre-seed), Investors in Gig Economy (Pre-seed), Investors in Gig Economy (Pre-seed), Investors in Direct-to-Consumer (DTC) (Series A), Investors in Fashion (Seed), Investors in Wellness & Fitness (Series A), Investors in Wellness & Fitness (Seed), Investors in Gig Economy (Series A), Investors in Wellness & Fitness (Pre-seed), Investors in Gig Economy (Series A), Investors in Fashion (Pre-seed), Investors in Gig Economy (Seed), Investors in Direct-to-Consumer (DTC) (Pre-seed), Investors in Wellness & Fitness (Seed), Investors in Direct-to-Consumer (DTC) (Seed), Investors in Direct-to-Consumer (DTC) (Series A), Investors in Direct-to-Consumer (DTC) (Seed), Investors in Gig Economy (Seed), Investors in Fashion (Series A), Investors in Gig Economy (Pre-seed), Investors in Direct-to-Consumer (DTC) (Pre-seed), Investors in Direct-to-Consumer (DTC) (Pre-seed), Investors in Entertainment & Sports (Pre-seed), Investors in Gig Economy (Seed), Investors in Wellness & Fitness (Series A), Investors in Gig Economy (Series A), Investors in Wellness & Fitness (Seed), Investors in Fashion (Series A), Investors in Food and Beverage (Series A), Investors in Entertainment & Sports (Series A), Investors in Food and Beverage (Seed), Investors in Gig Economy (Pre-seed), Investors in Fashion (Seed), Investors in Entertainment & Sports (Seed), Investors in Direct-to-Consumer (DTC) (Series A), Investors in Gig Economy (Series A), Investors in Wellness & Fitness (Series A), Investors in Direct-to-Consumer (DTC) (Seed), Investors in Fashion (Pre-seed), Investors in Food and Beverage (Pre-seed), Investors in Food and Beverage (Series A), Investors in Gig Economy (Seed), Investors in Food and Beverage (Seed), Investors in Wellness & Fitness (Pre-seed), Investors in Fashion (Series A), Investors in Entertainment & Sports (Pre-seed), Investors in Food and Beverage (Pre-seed), Investors in Direct-to-Consumer (DTC) (Pre-seed), Investors in Entertainment & Sports (Series A), Investors in Direct-to-Consumer (DTC) (Series A), Investors in Fashion (Seed), Investors in Entertainment & Sports (Pre-seed), Investors in E-commerce (Pre-seed), Investors in Food and Beverage (Series A), Investors in Consumer Internet (Pre-seed), Investors in Entertainment & Sports (Series A), Investors in Fashion (Series A), Investors in Direct-to-Consumer (DTC) (Seed), Investors in Fashion (Pre-seed), Investors in Wellness & Fitness (Series A), Investors in Food and Beverage (Seed), Investors in Entertainment & Sports (Seed), Investors in Wellness & Fitness (Seed), Investors in Marketplaces (Pre-seed), Investors in E-commerce (Series A), Investors in E-commerce (Pre-seed), Investors in Entertainment & Sports (Seed), Investors in E-commerce (Series A), Investors in FinTech (Pre-seed), Investors in Marketplaces (Series A), Investors in E-commerce (Seed), Investors in Consumer Internet (Pre-seed), Investors in Marketplaces (Pre-seed), Investors in E-commerce (Seed), Investors in Fashion (Seed), Investors in E-commerce (Pre-seed), Investors in FinTech (Pre-seed), Investors in Entertainment & Sports (Pre-seed), Investors in Marketplaces (Seed), Investors in Marketplaces (Series A), Investors in Consumer Internet (Series A), Investors in Food and Beverage (Pre-seed), Investors in Consumer Internet (Seed), Investors in FinTech (Series A), Investors in Consumer Internet (Series A), Investors in Marketplaces (Seed), Investors in Marketplaces (Pre-seed), Investors in Food and Beverage (Series A), Investors in Entertainment & Sports (Series A), Investors in FinTech (Seed), Investors in E-commerce (Series A), Investors in Consumer Internet (Seed), Investors in E-commerce (Seed), Investors in Consumer Internet (Pre-seed), Investors in Marketplaces (Series A), Investors in Entertainment & Sports (Seed), Investors in Food and Beverage (Seed), Investors in FinTech (Pre-seed), Investors in Marketplaces (Seed), Investors in FinTech (Series A), Investors in E-commerce (Pre-seed), Investors in FinTech (Series A), Investors in Consumer Internet (Series A), Investors in FinTech (Seed), Investors in FinTech (Seed), Investors in Consumer Internet (Seed), Investors in Marketplaces (Pre-seed), Investors in Consumer Internet (Pre-seed), Investors in E-commerce (Series A), Investors in FinTech (Pre-seed), Investors in Female Investors (Other Lists), Investors in E-commerce (Seed), Investors in Marketplaces (Series A), Investors in Marketplaces (Seed), Investors in Consumer Internet (Series A), Investors in FinTech (Series A), Investors in Los Angeles / Southern California (Other Lists), Investors in Consumer Internet (Seed), Investors in Boston / New England (Other Lists), Investors in Investors who were founders (Other Lists), Investors in FinTech (Seed), Investors in Investors who invested in female founders (Other Lists), Investors in Investors who invested in diverse founders (Other Lists), Investors in New York City (Other Lists)
Investors in Cambridge (MA)
Investors in Gig Economy (Pre-seed), Investors in Gig Economy (Seed), Investors in Sales & CRM (Pre-seed), Investors in Education (Pre-seed), Investors in Sales & CRM (Seed), Investors in Future of Work (Pre-seed), Investors in Education (Seed), Investors in Gig Economy (Pre-seed), Investors in E-commerce (Pre-seed), Investors in Digital Health (Pre-seed), Investors in Gig Economy (Seed), Investors in Health IT (Pre-seed), Investors in E-commerce (Seed), Investors in Enterprise (Pre-seed), Investors in FinTech (Pre-seed), Investors in Digital Health (Seed), Investors in SaaS (Pre-seed), Investors in Sales & CRM (Pre-seed), Investors in Health IT (Seed), Investors in SaaS (Seed), Investors in Enterprise (Seed), Investors in Digital Health (Pre-seed), Investors in Education (Pre-seed), Investors in Sales & CRM (Seed), Investors in Future of Work (Pre-seed), Investors in FinTech (Seed), Investors in Future of Work (Seed), Investors in Health IT (Pre-seed), Investors in E-commerce (Pre-seed), Investors in Education (Seed), Investors in Diverse Investors (Other Lists), Investors in Boston / New England (Other Lists), Investors in Investors who were founders (Other Lists), Investors in Digital Health (Seed), Investors in Investors who invested in female founders (Other Lists), Investors in Investors who invested in diverse founders (Other Lists), Investors in Angel, Scout, and Solo-Capitalists (Other Lists), Investors in Enterprise (Pre-seed), Investors in SaaS (Pre-seed), Investors in E-commerce (Seed), Investors in FinTech (Pre-seed), Investors in Health IT (Seed), Investors in SaaS (Seed), Investors in Enterprise (Seed), Investors in FinTech (Seed)
Investors in Springfield (MA), Investors in Washington (DC)
Investors in Gig Economy (Series A), Investors in Gig Economy (Seed), Investors in Human Capital/HRTech (Series A), Investors in Human Capital/HRTech (Seed), Investors in Gig Economy (Series A), Investors in Gig Economy (Seed), Investors in Human Capital/HRTech (Series A), Investors in Human Capital/HRTech (Seed), Investors in Marketplaces (Series A), Investors in Marketplaces (Seed), Investors in AI (Series A), Investors in AI (Seed), Investors in Gig Economy (Series A), Investors in Gig Economy (Seed), Investors in Marketplaces (Series A), Investors in Marketplaces (Seed), Investors in AI (Series A), Investors in Washington, D.C. (Other Lists), Investors in AI (Seed), Investors in Human Capital/HRTech (Seed), Investors in Human Capital/HRTech (Series A), Investors in Future of Work (Series A), Investors in Future of Work (Seed), Investors in Boston / New England (Other Lists), Investors in Marketplaces (Series A), Investors in Marketplaces (Seed), Investors in AI (Series A), Investors in AI (Seed)
Investors in Cambridge (MA), Investors in Boston (MA)
Investors in Gig Economy (Pre-seed), Investors in Games (Pre-seed), Investors in Human Capital/HRTech (Pre-seed), Investors in Gig Economy (Seed), Investors in MarketingTech (Pre-seed), Investors in Games (Seed), Investors in Gaming/eSports (Pre-seed), Investors in Human Capital/HRTech (Seed), Investors in MarketingTech (Seed), Investors in Future of Work (Pre-seed), Investors in Gaming/eSports (Seed), Investors in Gig Economy (Pre-seed), Investors in Gig Economy (Seed), Investors in FinTech (Pre-seed), Investors in Games (Pre-seed), Investors in MarketingTech (Pre-seed), Investors in Human Capital/HRTech (Pre-seed), Investors in Gaming/eSports (Pre-seed), Investors in Human Capital/HRTech (Seed), Investors in Future of Work (Pre-seed), Investors in MarketingTech (Seed), Investors in Games (Seed), Investors in FinTech (Seed), Investors in Gaming/eSports (Seed), Investors in Future of Work (Seed), Investors in FinTech (Pre-seed), Investors in Boston / New England (Other Lists), Investors in FinTech (Seed)
Get new data & insights delivered to your inbox
Firms investing in this space